TRANSFORMATION OF TURKEY’S AGRI-FOOD SYSTEM AS A BENCHMARK FOR ENHANCING PRODUCTIVITY AND EXPORT POTENTIAL OF TAJIKISTAN

In the context of intensifying global competition and the evolution of the global food system, increasing the export potential of the agrifood sector is a key driver of economic growth for developing countries, including Tajikistan. The relevance of this issue is determined by stricter sanitary and phytosanitary regulations, the digitalization of trade, and climate change, which require adaptation to new realities. The study’s premise is rooted in Tajikistan’s favorable natural and climatic conditions for organic production, which are limited by institutional and technological barriers. The aim of the article is to analyze the transformation of Turkey’s agrifood sector as a benchmark for increasing productivity and exports in Tajikistan. The methodology includes a review of international practices, government programs, financial mechanisms, and innovations. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of Turkish measures: irrigation modernization, farmer subsidies, digitalization, and the development of logistics hubs (the ports of Mersin and Izmir), which led to a 6–8 % increase in crop yields and exports of $5.2 billion. The findings highlight the model’s scientific significance for interdisciplinary research on sustainable agribusiness and its practical value — recommendations for adapting subsidies, standards (GlobalG.A.P.), and clusters for Tajikistan, promoting economic diversification and integration into global value chains.