TRANSFORMATIONS OF APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING OF DIGITAL MIGRATIONS

This article studies the changing approaches to understanding the phenomenon of digital nomadism (digital nomadism) and digital migration. Digitalization of labor through the introduction of IR technologies has made it possible to simplify production processes significantly and transform the understanding of ways to carry out labor activity. The appearance of the first digital nomads dates from mid-80-s of the XX century and it is associated with a change in the availability of personal computers, but this phenomenon became widespread at the turn of the XX–XXI century due to a decrease in prices for digital devices and in the era of coronavirus infection. The authors of the article discuss the development of the conceptual device in the field of digital migration: digital aborigine, digital nomad, digital migrant, digital diaspora. Based on the study of the conceptual device and the experience of classifying digital migrants by both Russian and foreign scientists, the groups of digital nomads were characterized: by employment, location and degree of mobility, and a hierarchical model of digital people was compiled. Taking into account the peculiarities of the interaction of digital nomads, the article considers the signs of the digital diaspora and the traits of members of such communities. The necessity of attracting digital nomads for physical presence on the territory of the country for the purpose of drift of economic and human capital is considered.